教師教育における新しい職能開発の課題　―教育・研究倫理の教育と文化―

Abstract

At the end of the Cold War in the 1990s, major industrialized nations introduced new education reforms aimed at promoting the concept of citizenship. This concept is based on social equality and fairness in modern civil society. Japan like many other developed countries faces a turning point with its education reforms. Therefore , it is necessary for universities to evaluate teachers' capabilities and qualities in relation to ethics of educational research . The reason is that teachers are required to fulfill communal responsibilities both in education and research as members of a professional group. Most of unive rsities and research institutions have a research ethical code and strict rules for preventing research misconduct. The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Monbu-kagaku-sho), the Science Council of Japan (Nihon-gakujutsu-kaigi), and other government agencies have published research ethical codes, reform measures, guidelines, and made several declarations in order to prevent wrongdoing. However, misconduct in research activity still remains a problem in many nations. The best way for researchers to acquire academic integrity is through educational training in research ethics. The same thing can be said of teachers of elementary, junior, and sen ior high schools. The next stage, then, is to apply the issue mentioned above to teacher education or in-service training, and to design a new university educational curriculum for school teachers.